I-601 Waiver of Inadmissibility Guide

USCIS INADMISSIBILITY WAIVER GUIDE

Complete Guide to Form I-601

A complete field-by-field guide to the Application for Waiver of Grounds of Inadmissibility, including health-related grounds, criminal grounds, fraud or misrepresentation, unlawful presence, qualifying relatives, extreme hardship, discretionary factors, signatures and supporting evidence.

Before You Start: Identify the Exact Ground of Inadmissibility

Form I-601 is not a general request to forgive every immigration problem. First identify the exact ground of inadmissibility, the waiver provision available for that ground, and any qualifying-relative or hardship requirement that applies.

Inadmissibility Ground Keep the consular finding, USCIS notice, court records or other documents identifying the ground.
Qualifying Relative Determine whether your waiver requires a particular U.S. citizen or permanent resident family relationship.
Hardship Evidence Prepare medical, financial, family, educational and country-condition evidence where extreme hardship applies.
Complete History Gather criminal, immigration, medical and prior waiver records relevant to every ground that applies.
The waiver must match the actual inadmissibility ground.

Different grounds have different waiver rules. Some require extreme hardship to a specific qualifying relative, some use different legal standards, and some grounds cannot be waived through Form I-601 at all. Do not select a ground simply because it sounds similar to your situation.

FORM I-601 — PART 1

Information About You

Alien Registration Number — A-Number

Enter your A-Number if one has been assigned. Do not enter a USCIS receipt number in this field.

A-123456789

USCIS Online Account Number

Enter your USCIS Online Account Number if you have one. It is different from your A-Number and receipt number.

Your Full Legal Name

Enter your Family Name, Given Name and Middle Name exactly according to your legal identity records.

FAMILY NAME: JANSEN
GIVEN NAME: EMMA
MIDDLE NAME: SOPHIE

Other Names Used

List all other names you have ever used, including former legal names, maiden names, aliases and nicknames.

Mailing Address

Provide the complete mailing address where USCIS correspondence can reach you. If you are outside the United States, provide a U.S. mailing address if available; otherwise provide your foreign mailing address.

Physical Address

If your physical residence differs from your mailing address, provide your actual physical address.

U.S. Social Security Number

Enter your U.S. Social Security Number if one has been issued. Do not enter a foreign tax or national identification number.

Sex

MALE Select the applicable option on the current form.
FEMALE Select the applicable option on the current form.

Date and Place of Birth

Provide your date of birth, city or town of birth, province where applicable, and country of birth.

Country of Citizenship or Nationality

Enter your current country of citizenship or nationality.

FORM I-601 — PART 1

Visa, Adjustment and Prior Waiver Information

DOS Consular Case Number

IF YOU HAVE ALREADY HAD A VISA INTERVIEW

If a Department of State consular officer has already interviewed you, provide your DOS consular case number if available.

U.S. Embassy or Consulate

Provide the city and country of the U.S. Embassy or Consulate where your visa application is being or will be processed.

Previously Filed Form I-485

YES If you already filed Form I-485, provide its USCIS receipt number.
NO Select No if you have not already filed Form I-485.

Previously Filed Form I-821 for TPS

YES Provide the I-821 receipt number if available.
NO Select if you have not already filed Form I-821.

Previous Form I-212

Answer whether you previously filed Form I-212, Application for Permission to Reapply for Admission After Deportation or Removal.

Previous I-212 Filing Details

IF YES

Provide the I-212 receipt number if available, the office or location where it was filed, and the filing date.

Submitting Form I-212 With This I-601?

YES Select when an I-212 is being submitted together with this application.
NO Select when no I-212 accompanies this filing.
FORM I-601 — PART 2

U.S. Entry Information

List prior periods in the United States beginning with your most recent entry. Use Part 10 when additional entry history must be reported.

Date You Entered the United States

Enter the actual date of the applicable U.S. entry, starting with the most recent arrival.

Immigration Status at Entry

Provide the immigration classification or status you had when you entered the United States.

Location of Entry

Provide the location where you entered the United States.

U.S. City or Town Where You Lived

Enter the U.S. city or town where you lived during that period of stay.

Prior U.S. Stay

For additional periods, provide the entry date, departure date, immigration status, entry location and U.S. city or town where you lived.

If you have more U.S. entries than the form provides space for, continue the complete history in Part 10.
FORM I-601 — PART 3

Biographic Information

USCIS applicants

The form identifies this part as biographic information for USCIS applicants.

Ethnicity

HISPANIC OR LATINOSelect if applicable.
NOT HISPANIC OR LATINOSelect if applicable.

Race

Select every applicable race category listed on the form.

Height and Weight

Enter height in feet and inches and weight in pounds as requested.

Eye Color

Select the eye-color option that applies.

Hair Color

Select the hair-color option that applies.

FORM I-601 — PART 4

Reasons for Inadmissibility

Select every ground that applies under the section corresponding to the immigration benefit you are seeking. Do not select a ground merely because you are uncertain whether it applies.

Disclosure matters.

An approved waiver generally addresses the grounds, events or conditions actually disclosed and covered by the waiver request. If USCIS or a consular officer identified more than one inadmissibility ground, review all of them.

PART 4 — HEALTH

Health-Related Grounds of Inadmissibility

Communicable Disease of Public Health Significance

Select this ground when you have been found inadmissible because of a communicable disease classified as significant under the applicable public-health rules.

Vaccination Requirement

Select the applicable vaccination ground when seeking the permitted exemption because vaccination conflicts with qualifying religious beliefs or moral convictions.

This is not a general preference exemption.

The applicable legal requirements must be satisfied.

Physical or Mental Disorder Associated With Harmful Behavior

Select this ground when a physical or mental disorder and associated harmful behavior, or a history likely to recur, has caused the relevant inadmissibility finding.

PART 4 — CRIMINAL

Criminal Grounds of Inadmissibility

Crime Involving Moral Turpitude

Select this ground when you have been found inadmissible for qualifying conduct or a conviction involving moral turpitude.

Do not decide this only from the name of the offense.

Whether a conviction constitutes a crime involving moral turpitude is a legal analysis.

Certain Controlled-Substance Violation

The form includes the limited waiver-related ground involving a single offense of simple possession of 30 grams or less of marijuana.

Drug-related waivers are highly restricted.

Do not assume Form I-601 can waive every controlled-substance inadmissibility ground.

Two or More Convictions With Combined Sentences of Five Years or More

Select when this specific multiple-conviction inadmissibility ground applies to you.

Prostitution

The form covers applicable inadmissibility involving prostitution, procurement, or receiving proceeds from prostitution within the relevant statutory period or circumstances.

Procurement or Importation for Prostitution

Select this ground when the applicable conduct involving procurement, attempted procurement or importation for prostitution applies.

Unlawful Commercialized Vice

Select this ground where the inadmissibility finding concerns other unlawful commercialized vice, whether or not connected to prostitution.

Serious Criminal Activity and Immunity From Prosecution

Select this ground when the specific inadmissibility provision involving serious criminal activity and immunity from prosecution applies.

Submit certified court records where required.

If you have arrests or convictions, provide the complete disposition and the certified records required by USCIS. A dismissal may still need to be disclosed when the form or instructions require it.

PART 4 — PARTY MEMBERSHIP

Communist or Other Totalitarian Party Membership

Membership or Affiliation With a Communist or Totalitarian Party

Select this ground when the applicable inadmissibility finding concerns membership in or affiliation with a Communist or another totalitarian party or related organization.

Do not treat this as a generic political-opinion question.

The waiver and exception rules for this ground are specific and fact-dependent.

PART 4 — FRAUD

Immigration Fraud and Misrepresentation

Fraud or Willful Misrepresentation of a Material Fact

Select this ground when you were found inadmissible for seeking an immigration benefit through fraud or a material misrepresentation.

State the actual event.

Explain what was said or submitted, when it happened, which immigration benefit was involved, and the finding made by the government. Do not rewrite the history to make it sound less serious.

False Claim to U.S. Citizenship

For TPS applicants, the current form separately identifies a false representation of U.S. citizenship.

This ground is different from ordinary misrepresentation.

Waiver availability can be significantly different, so do not combine the two issues without legal analysis.

PART 4 — IMMIGRATION VIOLATIONS

Alien Smuggling and Document-Related Violations

Alien Smuggling

Select this ground when the government has found that you knowingly encouraged, assisted, induced or helped another person enter the United States in violation of law under the applicable provision.

Civil Penalty Under INA Section 274C

Select when you are subject to the applicable civil penalty for document-related violations covered by this inadmissibility ground.

PART 4 — UNLAWFUL PRESENCE

3-Year and 10-Year Unlawful Presence Bars

More Than 180 Days but Less Than One Year

Certain departures after more than 180 days but less than one year of unlawful presence can trigger a three-year inadmissibility bar.

One Year or More

Certain departures after one year or more of unlawful presence can trigger a ten-year inadmissibility bar.

I-601 Versus I-601A

These are different applications.

Form I-601A is specifically for a provisional waiver of the unlawful-presence ground under INA 212(a)(9)(B) before departure for immigrant visa processing. Form I-601 is used in the broader circumstances permitted by its instructions.

Qualifying Relative for Unlawful Presence Waiver

For the standard unlawful-presence waiver under INA 212(a)(9)(B)(v), the relevant extreme-hardship qualifying relative is generally a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident spouse or parent, subject to the applicant's specific category and applicable law.

PART 4 — PRIOR REMOVAL / REENTRY

Previous Removal and Certain Unlawful Reentry Grounds

Previously Removed From the United States

The form contains a limited I-601 selection for certain NACARA and HRIFA applicants who are inadmissible because of a previous removal. Other applicants generally address this type of permission through Form I-212 where required.

Reentry or Attempted Reentry After Certain Prior Immigration Violations

The form also contains a limited ground for certain NACARA, HRIFA and qualifying VAWA applicants involving reentry or attempted reentry after specified prior unlawful presence or removal history.

This is not the same as the ordinary 3-year or 10-year bar.

Prior removal and unlawful reentry issues can trigger separate inadmissibility provisions and may require Form I-212 or another legal analysis.

PART 4 — TPS APPLICANTS

Temporary Protected Status Inadmissibility Grounds

TPS applicants use the TPS section of Part 4 and should select every listed ground that actually applies.

Communicable Disease

Health-related communicable disease ground where applicable.

Physical or Mental Disorder With Harmful Behavior

Select when the specified health-related ground applies.

Drug Abuse or Addiction

Select when the applicable drug-abuse or addiction inadmissibility ground applies.

Certain Marijuana Possession Violation

The TPS section identifies the applicable single-offense simple-possession ground involving 30 grams or less of marijuana.

Prostitution

Select when the prostitution-related inadmissibility ground applies.

Procurement for Prostitution

Select when procurement or attempted procurement for prostitution applies.

Unlawful Commercialized Vice

Select where this separate commercialized-vice ground applies.

Serious Criminal Activity With Immunity

Select when this specific ground applies.

Failure to Attend Removal Proceeding

Select when the applicable inadmissibility finding concerns failure to attend a removal proceeding.

Immigration Fraud or Misrepresentation

Select when fraud or material misrepresentation caused the inadmissibility finding.

False Claim to U.S. Citizenship

Select when the specific false-claim ground applies.

Alien Smuggling

Select when the applicable alien-smuggling ground applies.

INA 274C Civil Penalty

Select when you are subject to the applicable document-related civil penalty.

Avoiding Military Training or Service

Select when the form's inadmissibility ground concerning departure or remaining abroad to avoid qualifying U.S. military service applies.

Polygamy

Select when the applicable polygamy ground applies.

Accompanying Certain Helpless Inadmissible Persons

Select when the specific guardianship or protection ground described by the form applies.

International Child Custody Violation

Select when the applicable child-custody inadmissibility ground applies.

Unlawful Voting

Select when an unlawful voting inadmissibility ground applies.

Former U.S. Citizen Who Renounced Citizenship to Avoid Taxation

Select when this specific former-citizen ground applies.

Other TPS Inadmissibility Ground

If an applicable ground is not separately listed, use the form's Other field and identify the exact ground or circumstances.

FORM I-601 — PART 4

Your Inadmissibility Statement

Explain Every Ground That Applies

Explain in your own words the acts, convictions, immigration events or medical conditions that caused or may cause inadmissibility.

Include:
What happened
When it happened
Where it happened
The immigration benefit involved
Dates of arrests or convictions
Court disposition where applicable
Date of medical diagnosis where applicable
Government finding or consular determination if known
Do not rely only on attached records.

The form requires the inadmissibility history to be explained even when supporting documents contain the same information.

FORM I-601 — PART 5

Information About Your Qualifying Relative

Qualifying Relative's Full Legal Name

Provide the Family Name, Given Name and Middle Name of the qualifying relative through whom you claim waiver eligibility.

FAMILY NAME: DE VRIES
GIVEN NAME: JOHN
MIDDLE NAME: ALEXANDER

Physical Address

Provide the qualifying relative's current physical address.

Telephone and Email

Provide the relative's daytime telephone number and email address where applicable.

Relationship to You

State the exact relationship required by the waiver provision, such as spouse, parent, son, daughter or another relationship permitted for the specific waiver.

The qualifying relative depends on the inadmissibility ground.

A person who is a qualifying relative for one waiver may not be a qualifying relative for another. Do not assume that every U.S. citizen family member qualifies.

Relative's Immigration Status

Provide the relative's actual immigration status, such as U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident, where the waiver requires that status.

Relative's A-Number

Enter the relative's A-Number if one has been assigned.

Relative's Date of Birth

Provide the qualifying relative's actual date of birth.

Additional Qualifying Relatives

If you have additional qualifying relatives, select the applicable box and provide the same identifying, relationship and immigration-status information in Part 10.

VAWA Self-Petitioner Hardship to Self

IF APPLICABLE

The current form provides a selection for a qualifying VAWA self-petitioner who is claiming extreme hardship to themselves.

K-1 and K-2 Applicants

K visa cases use special qualifying-relative instructions. A K-1 applicant generally identifies the U.S. citizen fiancé petitioner as the prospective spouse. K-2 cases follow the relationship instructions applicable to the child's age and circumstances.

FORM I-601 — PART 5

Extreme Hardship Statement

Explain the Extreme Hardship

Where your waiver requires extreme hardship, explain how refusal of the requested immigration benefit would affect the qualifying relative. The statement should be supported by real evidence rather than general assertions.

Separation Scenario

Explain the consequences if the qualifying relative remains in the United States while you remain outside the United States. Address the actual financial, medical, emotional, family, educational and other consequences that apply.

Relocation Scenario

Where relevant, explain the consequences if the qualifying relative relocates abroad to remain with you. Consider the real country conditions, health care, employment, education, family ties, language, safety and other circumstances that apply.

Medical Hardship

If medical circumstances contribute to hardship, provide records from qualified medical professionals and explain how separation or relocation affects treatment, caregiving or access to care.

Financial Hardship

Document actual income, expenses, debts, housing obligations, caregiving costs and other financial consequences.

Emotional and Psychological Hardship

Explain genuine psychological or emotional consequences and support significant conditions with professional evidence where available.

Ordinary family separation is not automatically extreme hardship.

USCIS considers the total circumstances. The strongest waiver presentation connects specific facts, specific qualifying relatives and reliable documentary evidence.

FORM I-601 — PART 6

Other Relatives With Ties to the United States

Other Relative's Full Name

Provide information about other U.S. citizen, lawful permanent resident or other family members whose circumstances you want USCIS to consider.

Physical Address

Provide the relative's current physical address.

Contact Information

Provide the daytime telephone number and email address where applicable.

Relationship and Immigration Status

State the person's relationship to you, current immigration status, A-Number if any, and date of birth.

Additional Relatives

Use Part 10 to provide the same information for additional relatives with relevant U.S. ties.

FORM I-601 — PART 6

Statement From Applicant — Discretion

Why Should USCIS Approve the Waiver as a Matter of Discretion?

Where discretionary approval is required, explain why favorable factors in your case outweigh unfavorable factors.

FAVORABLE FACTORS Examples may include close family ties, rehabilitation, long-term lawful conduct, community ties, hardship, responsibility, service and other genuine favorable circumstances.
UNFAVORABLE FACTORS Address relevant adverse facts honestly rather than ignoring them. Explain context, rehabilitation and subsequent conduct where applicable.
Do not hide negative facts.

A waiver application is stronger when adverse history is disclosed accurately and addressed with evidence rather than omitted.

FORM I-601 — PART 7

Applicant Statement, Contact Information and Signature

Applicant Statement

Indicate whether you read and understood the application yourself or whether an interpreter read the application to you.

Use of a Preparer

Indicate whether another person prepared the application at your request.

Daytime Telephone Number

Provide your current daytime telephone number where applicable.

Mobile Telephone Number

Provide your mobile telephone number where applicable.

Email Address

Provide your current email address where applicable.

Applicant Certification

Read the certification carefully. By signing, you certify that the information and evidence submitted were provided or authorized by you and are complete, true and correct.

Applicant Signature and Date

The application must contain a valid signature.

A stamped or typewritten name does not replace the required signature. A qualifying parent or legal guardian may sign where permitted.

FORM I-601 — PART 8

Interpreter Contact Information, Certification and Signature

Interpreter Full Name

Provide the interpreter's Family Name and Given Name.

Business or Organization

Provide the interpreter's business or organization name where applicable.

Mailing Address

Provide the interpreter's complete mailing address.

Telephone and Email

Provide daytime telephone, mobile telephone and email information where applicable.

Language Interpreted

Identify the language in which the application was interpreted for the applicant.

Interpreter Certification and Signature

The interpreter certifies fluency in English and the language used, confirms that the questions and answers were interpreted accurately, then signs and dates the section.

FORM I-601 — PART 9

Preparer Contact Information, Declaration and Signature

Preparer Full Name

Provide the preparer's Family Name and Given Name.

Business or Organization

Provide the business or organization name where applicable.

Mailing Address and Contact Details

Provide the preparer's complete mailing address, daytime telephone, mobile telephone and email address where applicable.

Attorney or Accredited Representative

If the preparer is an attorney or accredited representative, complete the applicable representation information and submit Form G-28 or G-28I where required.

Preparer Signature and Date

The preparer signs and dates this section when the application was prepared by someone other than the applicant.

FORM I-601 — PART 10

Additional Information

Applicant Name and A-Number

Provide your identifying information at the top of each additional-information page.

Page, Part and Item Number

For every additional explanation, identify the exact Page Number, Part Number and Item Number.

PAGE NUMBER: 5
PART NUMBER: 4
ITEM NUMBER: 40

Additional Sheets

If Part 10 is not enough, follow the USCIS instructions for additional pages. Identify the related question clearly and sign and date additional sheets where required.

FORM I-601 — PART 11

Class A Tuberculosis Condition

Complete This Part if the Tuberculosis Waiver Section Applies

CLASS A TUBERCULOSIS CASES

The current Form I-601 requires Part 11 when the waiver request concerns a Class A tuberculosis condition as defined under the applicable public-health regulations.

Follow the medical instructions exactly.

Tuberculosis waiver cases can require medical information, treatment arrangements and assurances from appropriate health-care providers or authorities. Use the current USCIS and public-health instructions for the specific case.

BEFORE FILING

Supporting Evidence and Final Checks

Government Inadmissibility Finding

Include relevant records identifying the inadmissibility issue, such as consular findings, USCIS notices, court documents or other immigration records when available.

Evidence of Qualifying Relationship

Where a qualifying relative is required, provide civil records establishing the relationship, such as marriage or birth certificates, together with proof of the relative's required immigration status.

Extreme Hardship Evidence

Where applicable, submit evidence supporting the claimed hardship, including relevant financial, medical, psychological, family, educational and country-condition documentation.

Criminal and Court Records

Provide certified court dispositions and other records required by the USCIS instructions for every relevant arrest or conviction.

Rehabilitation Evidence

Where rehabilitation is relevant, provide reliable evidence of subsequent conduct, treatment, compliance, community involvement and other factors that genuinely apply.

Medical Evidence

For health-related waiver requests, submit the medical information, physician reports and assurances required for the particular ground.

Fraud or Misrepresentation Evidence

Provide documents establishing the actual circumstances of the event and evidence relevant to the statutory waiver and discretionary analysis.

Unlawful Presence Records

Where unlawful presence is involved, document the relevant entries, departures, status periods, applications, authorized stays and other dates needed to evaluate the inadmissibility period.

Evidence Supporting Discretion

Submit reliable evidence supporting the favorable factors you ask USCIS to consider.

Foreign-Language Documents

Foreign-language documents submitted to USCIS must include a complete English translation with the translator certification required by USCIS.

Final Review Before Filing

Check at minimum:
A-Number
USCIS Online Account Number
Full legal name
All other names used
Mailing and physical addresses
U.S. Social Security Number if applicable
Sex
Date and place of birth
Citizenship or nationality
DOS case number if applicable
Embassy or Consulate information
I-485 information if applicable
I-821 information if applicable
Previous I-212 information
Concurrent I-212 if applicable
Every U.S. entry and stay
Biographic information if required
Every inadmissibility ground that applies
Full inadmissibility statement
All relevant criminal dispositions
Qualifying relative information
Correct qualifying relationship
Proof of qualifying relative status
Additional qualifying relatives
Extreme hardship statement where required
Separation hardship
Relocation hardship
Other U.S. family ties
Discretion statement
Applicant telephone and email
Applicant signature and date
Interpreter section if applicable
Preparer section if applicable
Part 10 continuation pages
Part 11 tuberculosis information if applicable
Supporting evidence
Certified English translations
Final Rule: Never copy the sample answers.

Form I-601 must reflect your actual inadmissibility ground, immigration and criminal history, qualifying family relationships, hardship circumstances and supporting evidence.

No matching Form I-601 topic was found.
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