N-400 Application for Naturalization Guide

USCIS NATURALIZATION GUIDE

Complete Guide to Form N-400

A complete field-by-field guide to the Application for Naturalization, including eligibility, permanent residence, marriage and children, employment, travel history, good moral character, criminal and immigration history, Selective Service, military service, reduced fees, signatures and the Oath of Allegiance.

Before You Start: Confirm That Naturalization Is the Correct Process

Form N-400 is used by eligible lawful permanent residents applying to become U.S. citizens. If you may already have acquired or derived U.S. citizenship through a parent, Form N-400 may not be the correct application.

Green Card History Prepare your A-Number, Permanent Resident Card, residence dates and immigration records.
Travel History Prepare every required trip outside the United States during the applicable statutory period.
Family & Employment Prepare marriage, children, residence, employment and education history.
Legal History Prepare tax, criminal, immigration, Selective Service and military records where applicable.
Naturalization eligibility is more than simply having a Green Card for several years.

The applicable residence period, physical presence, travel, good moral character, tax history, criminal history, marital basis and other requirements depend on your filing category.

FORM N-400 — PART 1

Information About Your Eligibility

Select only one basis for filing.

General Provision

Select this basis when you are applying under the general naturalization rules, typically after the required period as a lawful permanent resident.

Spouse of a U.S. Citizen

Select this basis when you are applying under the naturalization rules for a qualifying lawful permanent resident spouse of a U.S. citizen.

Marriage alone does not automatically qualify you for the shorter naturalization period.

You must meet the specific statutory marriage, marital-union, residence and citizenship requirements.

VAWA

Select this basis when you qualify for naturalization as the spouse, former spouse or child of a U.S. citizen under the applicable Violence Against Women Act provisions.

Spouse of a U.S. Citizen in Qualified Employment Outside the United States

Select this basis when applying under INA section 319(b) as the qualifying spouse of a U.S. citizen working abroad for a qualifying employer.

Military Service During a Period of Hostilities

Select this option when eligibility is based on qualifying U.S. military service during a designated period of hostilities.

At Least One Year of Honorable Military Service

Select this option when your naturalization eligibility is based on at least one year of qualifying honorable U.S. military service.

Other Reason for Filing

Use this only when your eligibility basis is not one of the specifically listed categories.

FORM N-400 — PART 2

Information About You

Current Legal Name

Enter your Family Name, Given Name and Middle Name. Do not enter a nickname as your current legal name.

FAMILY NAME: JANSEN
GIVEN NAME: EMMA
MIDDLE NAME: SOPHIE

Other Names Used Since Birth

Provide other names used, including maiden names, former married names, aliases and other names required by the instructions.

Name Exactly as Shown on Your Permanent Resident Card

If the name on your Green Card differs from your current legal name, provide the Green Card name exactly as printed.

Date of Birth

Enter your actual date of birth exactly as supported by your immigration and civil records.

Date You Became a Lawful Permanent Resident

Enter the effective date of permanent residence shown on your Green Card or immigration records.

Country of Birth

Enter your country of birth.

Country of Citizenship or Nationality

Enter your current country or countries of citizenship or nationality as required by the form.

Alien Registration Number — A-Number

Enter your nine-digit A-Number.

A-123456789

USCIS Online Account Number

Enter your USCIS Online Account Number if one has been assigned.

FORM N-400 — PART 2

Permanent Resident and Special Eligibility Information

Are You a Lawful Permanent Resident?

Answer according to your actual current immigration status and filing basis.

Conditional Permanent Residence

If you obtained conditional permanent residence, review whether the conditions have been properly removed or whether the applicable petition remains pending.

Legal Guardian, Surrogate or Designated Representative

The form and instructions provide special procedures for applicants unable to complete parts of the naturalization process because of qualifying disabilities or impairments.

FORM N-400 — PART 2

English and Civics Testing Exceptions

Age and Long-Term Permanent Residence Exceptions

Certain applicants who meet specified age and long-term permanent-residence combinations may qualify for an exception from the English-language requirement and may take the civics test in their language.

Medical Disability Exception — Form N-648

A qualifying physical or developmental disability or mental impairment may support an exception from certain English and civics requirements through Form N-648.

N-648 is not based simply on age or difficulty learning English.

It requires the applicable medical certification and legal standard.

FORM N-400 — PART 3

Biographic Information

Ethnicity

HISPANIC OR LATINO Select if applicable.
NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO Select if applicable.

Race

Select every race category that applies.

Height and Weight

Enter height in feet and inches and weight in pounds.

Eye Color and Hair Color

Select the applicable eye-color and hair-color options.

FORM N-400 — PART 4

Information About Your Residence

Current Physical Address

Provide your actual current physical residence. USCIS uses the address to determine the appropriate office for biometrics and interview processing.

Residence History

List your physical addresses for the entire period required by your naturalization eligibility basis, beginning with your current residence.

Avoid unexplained gaps between addresses.

Mailing Address

If your mailing address differs from your physical residence, provide the address where you reliably receive USCIS correspondence.

FORM N-400 — PART 5

Information About Your Marital History

Current Marital Status

Select your actual current legal marital status.

Military Spouse

Answer whether your spouse is currently a member of the U.S. armed forces.

Number of Marriages

Count all marriages required by USCIS, including current and prior marriages, whether civil, religious, customary, annulled or otherwise included under the instructions.

FORM N-400 — PART 5

Information About Your Current Spouse

Current Spouse's Full Legal Name

Provide your spouse's current legal name.

Spouse's Date of Birth

Enter your spouse's actual date of birth.

Date of Marriage

Provide the legal date of your current marriage.

Spouse's Immigration Status

Provide whether your spouse is a U.S. citizen, lawful permanent resident or holds another status as requested.

When Did Your Spouse Become a U.S. Citizen?

IF FILING BASED ON MARRIAGE TO A U.S. CITIZEN

Provide the requested citizenship information, including whether citizenship was acquired by birth, naturalization or another applicable basis.

Spouse's A-Number

Provide your spouse's A-Number if one has been assigned.

Spouse's Prior Marriages

State how many times your current spouse has been married and prepare evidence showing termination of applicable prior marriages.

Current Spouse's Employer

INA 319(b) CASES

If applying as the spouse of a U.S. citizen working abroad for a qualifying employer, provide the employer information requested by the form.

FORM N-400 — PART 6

Information About Your Children

Total Number of Children Under 18

Enter the total number of children under 18 that must be listed under the current form instructions.

Child's Name and Date of Birth

For each child, provide the requested name and date of birth.

Where Does the Child Reside?

RESIDES WITH ME Select when the child lives with you.
DOES NOT RESIDE WITH ME Provide the child's address in Part 14 where required.
UNKNOWN / MISSING Select only if this accurately reflects the circumstances.

Relationship to Child

BIOLOGICAL SON OR DAUGHTER Select when applicable.
STEPCHILD Select when applicable.
LEGALLY ADOPTED SON OR DAUGHTER Select when applicable.

Are You Providing Support?

Answer whether you are providing support for each child. This can also relate to later good-moral-character questions.

FORM N-400 — PART 7

Employment and Schools You Attended

Employer or School Name

List your employment, self-employment, unemployment, retirement and full-time or part-time education for the applicable reporting period.

Complete Address

Provide city or town, state or province, ZIP or postal code and country.

Dates and Occupation or Field of Study

Provide beginning and ending dates and your occupation or field of study. Start with the most recent activity.

Include foreign military, police or intelligence employment where applicable.
FORM N-400 — PART 8

Time Outside the United States

Every Required Trip Abroad

List trips outside the United States during the period required by your eligibility category, starting with the most recent.

Departure Date and Return Date

Provide the date you left and the date you returned to the United States.

Day trips

The current form says not to include trips completed entirely within 24 hours.

Countries Visited

List the country or countries visited during each trip.

Trips Longer Than Six Months

Long trips can affect continuous residence.

If any required trip lasted more than six months, review the continuous-residence rules and prepare the evidence requested by USCIS.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

U.S. Citizenship Claims and Voting

Have You Ever Claimed to Be a U.S. Citizen?

Answer based on any written, spoken or other claim to U.S. citizenship.

A false claim to U.S. citizenship can be a serious immigration issue.

Do not answer from memory alone if there is prior immigration, employment or government paperwork that may contain such a claim.

Have You Ever Registered to Vote or Voted?

Answer the Federal, state and local voting question accurately. The form includes a specific note regarding lawful local elections where noncitizens were eligible to vote.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Taxes and Nonresident Claims

Overdue Taxes

Answer whether you currently owe overdue Federal, state or local taxes in the United States.

Filed as a Nonresident Alien or Failed to File Because You Considered Yourself a Nonresident

Since becoming a lawful permanent resident, answer whether you identified yourself as a nonresident alien on a tax return or failed to file because you considered yourself a nonresident.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Organizations, Political Groups and National Security

Communist or Totalitarian Party Membership or Association

Answer whether you have ever been a member of, involved in, or associated with a Communist or totalitarian party anywhere in the world.

Organizations Advocating Violence or Overthrow

Answer the form's questions about involvement with groups advocating violent or unconstitutional overthrow, sabotage, unlawful killing, property destruction or related conduct.

Support to Armed or Violent Groups

Disclose applicable membership, services, labor, financial assistance or other support to groups involved in weapons, explosives, kidnapping, assassination, hijacking, sabotage or related conduct.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Persecution, Military, Armed Groups and Weapons

Torture, Genocide, Killing or Severe Injury

Answer whether you ever ordered, incited, committed, assisted or otherwise participated in torture, genocide, killing, attempted killing or intentional severe injury.

Nonconsensual Sexual Activity

Answer the form's question regarding participation in sexual activity involving lack of consent, force or threats.

Religious Persecution or Harm Based on Protected Grounds

Answer whether you prevented religious practice or caused harm because of race, religion, national origin, social group or political opinion.

Military or Police Service

Disclose service, membership, assistance or participation in any military or police unit.

Armed or Paramilitary Groups

Disclose participation in armed groups, including paramilitary, self-defense, vigilante, rebel or guerrilla groups.

Detention Facilities

Answer whether you ever worked, volunteered, served in, directed or participated in activities involving prisons, jails, detention facilities, prison camps or labor camps.

Weapons Use, Transportation or Training

Answer the separate questions concerning use or threatened use of weapons, selling or transporting weapons, and weapons, paramilitary or military-type training.

Recruitment or Use of Children Under 15

Answer whether you recruited, enlisted, conscripted or used a person under 15 in an armed group or hostilities.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Crimes, Arrests, Charges and Convictions

Crime or Offense for Which You Were Not Arrested

Answer whether you ever committed, agreed to commit, asked someone else to commit, helped commit or tried to commit a crime or offense for which you were not arrested.

Arrested, Cited, Detained or Charged

Report applicable arrests, citations, detentions, confinements and criminal charges anywhere in the world.

Sealed or expunged does not automatically mean you may omit it.

The current N-400 specifically requires disclosure of many matters even when records were sealed, expunged or otherwise cleared.

Crime Table

For each required offense, provide the crime or offense, date, conviction or guilty-plea date if applicable, location, result or disposition, and sentence if applicable.

Suspended Sentence, Probation or Parole

Answer whether you completed any suspended sentence, probation or parole.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Other Conduct and Good Moral Character Questions

Prostitution

Answer whether you ever engaged in prostitution, attempted to procure or import people for prostitution, or received proceeds from prostitution.

Controlled Substances or Drug Trafficking

Answer the form's question regarding manufacturing, cultivating, producing, distributing, selling, smuggling or trafficking controlled substances or drug paraphernalia.

Multiple Simultaneous Marriages

Answer whether you were ever married to more than one person at the same time.

Marriage for an Immigration Benefit

Answer whether you ever married someone in order to obtain an immigration benefit.

Helping Someone Enter the United States Illegally

Answer whether you ever helped anyone enter or attempt to enter the United States illegally.

Illegal Gambling

Answer whether you ever gambled illegally or received income from illegal gambling.

Child Support or Alimony

Answer whether you ever failed to support dependents or pay court-ordered alimony.

Misrepresentation to Obtain a Public Benefit

Answer whether you ever made a misrepresentation to obtain a public benefit in the United States.

False or Misleading Information to U.S. Government Officials

Answer whether you ever provided false, fraudulent or misleading information or documentation to U.S. Government officials.

Lying to Obtain Entry or Immigration Benefits

Answer whether you ever lied to gain entry, admission or another immigration benefit.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Removal, Rescission and Deportation History

Ever Placed in Removal, Rescission or Deportation Proceedings?

Answer Yes if you have ever been placed in any of these proceedings.

Ever Removed or Deported From the United States?

Answer based on your complete immigration history, including prior orders and departures executed under an order.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Selective Service

Did You Live in the United States Between Ages 18 and 26?

The form asks this question of applicants born male, with an exception when the person was in lawful nonimmigrant status for the entire relevant period.

Did You Register for Selective Service?

YES Provide the Selective Service number and registration date.
NO Review the current USCIS instructions for the documentation or explanation required.

Left the United States to Avoid the Draft?

Answer whether you ever left the United States to avoid being drafted into the U.S. armed forces.

Military Service Exemption

Answer whether you ever applied for any kind of exemption from U.S. military service.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

U.S. Armed Forces Service

Have You Ever Served in the U.S. Armed Forces?

Answer based on your complete U.S. military history.

Currently Serving?

If currently serving, answer the questions about deployment, stationing outside the United States and related military processing.

Former Service Member Residing Outside the United States

Answer the specific current-form question if you are a former service member now living outside the United States.

Court-Martial or Other Than Honorable Discharge

Answer whether you have ever been court-martialed or received a discharge characterized as other than honorable, bad conduct or dishonorable.

Discharged Because You Were an Alien

Answer whether you were ever discharged from U.S. military training or service because you were an alien.

Desertion

Answer whether you ever deserted from the U.S. armed forces.

FORM N-400 — PART 9

Constitution, Allegiance and Oath Questions

Hereditary Title or Order of Nobility

Answer whether you now have, or ever had, a hereditary title or order of nobility in a foreign country. If Yes, answer whether you are willing to give it up at naturalization.

Do You Support the Constitution and Form of Government of the United States?

Answer this question truthfully based on your actual beliefs and eligibility.

Do You Understand the Full Oath of Allegiance?

Review the Oath language before answering.

Unable to Take the Oath Because of a Disability or Mental Impairment?

Answer Yes only if the applicable physical or developmental disability or mental impairment prevents you from understanding or communicating the meaning of the Oath under the relevant waiver provisions.

Willing to Take the Full Oath?

Answer whether you are willing to take the full Oath of Allegiance.

Bear Arms if Required by Law?

Answer whether you are willing to bear arms on behalf of the United States if required by law.

Perform Noncombatant Service?

Answer whether you are willing to perform noncombatant service in the U.S. armed forces if required by law.

Perform Work of National Importance?

Answer whether you are willing to perform work of national importance under civilian direction if required by law.

FORM N-400 — PART 10

Request for a Reduced Fee

Is Your Household Income Within the Reduced-Fee Limit?

Complete the reduced-fee information only if you are requesting the reduced naturalization filing fee under the current income rules.

Reduced fee and fee waiver are not the same request.

Follow the current USCIS fee instructions for the filing method and supporting evidence that applies.

Total Household Income

Enter the household income calculated under the current USCIS instructions.

Household Size

Enter the applicable household size.

Household Members Earning Income

Enter the number of household members earning income, including yourself where applicable.

Head of Household

YES Select if you are the head of household under the instructions.
NO Provide the name of the head of household.
FORM N-400 — PART 11

Applicant Contact Information, Certification and Signature

Daytime Telephone Number

Provide your current daytime telephone number.

Mobile Telephone Number

Provide your mobile telephone number if applicable.

Email Address

Provide your current email address if applicable.

Certification

By signing, you certify under penalty of perjury that the information and evidence submitted are complete, true and correct.

Applicant Signature and Date

Do not forget to sign.

A stamped or typewritten name does not replace the required signature.

FORM N-400 — PART 12

Interpreter Contact Information, Certification and Signature

Interpreter Full Name

Provide the interpreter's Family Name and Given Name.

Business or Organization

Provide the interpreter's business or organization name where applicable.

Contact Information

Provide the interpreter's address, telephone numbers and email address as requested.

Interpreter Certification and Signature

The interpreter certifies fluency and accurate interpretation, then signs and dates the section.

FORM N-400 — PART 13

Preparer Contact Information, Declaration and Signature

Preparer Full Name

Provide the preparer's full legal name.

Business or Organization

Provide the preparer's business or organization name where applicable.

Contact Information

Provide the preparer's address, telephone numbers and email information as requested.

Attorney or Accredited Representative

If applicable, complete the representation information and submit Form G-28 where required.

Preparer Signature and Date

The preparer signs and dates this section when someone other than the applicant prepared the form.

FORM N-400 — PART 14

Additional Information

Page Number, Part Number and Item Number

Use Part 14 whenever the form asks for additional explanation or there is not enough space for an answer. Identify the exact question being continued.

PAGE NUMBER: 9
PART NUMBER: 9
ITEM NUMBER: 20

Additional Sheets

If additional pages are necessary, follow the USCIS instructions, identify the relevant question clearly and include the applicant identification requested.

FORM N-400 — PART 15

Signature at Interview

Do Not Complete This Part Before the Interview

Leave Part 15 blank when filing the application.

The USCIS officer will instruct you when to complete the signature at the naturalization interview.

FORM N-400 — PART 16

Oath of Allegiance

Do Not Sign Part 16 Before USCIS Instructs You

Part 16 is not completed when the N-400 is initially filed.

The USCIS officer will address this part during the naturalization process. Signing this section does not itself make a person a U.S. citizen. Naturalization requires approval and completion of the required Oath process.

BEFORE FILING

Supporting Evidence and Final Checks

Permanent Resident Card

Prepare the required copy or evidence of your Permanent Resident Card and A-Number.

Marriage-Based Naturalization Evidence

IF FILING BASED ON MARRIAGE TO A U.S. CITIZEN

Prepare evidence of the spouse's U.S. citizenship, marriage, termination of prior marriages, and the marital relationship required by the applicable naturalization provision.

Travel and Continuous Residence Evidence

If you had lengthy trips abroad, prepare evidence addressing continuous residence, physical presence and ties to the United States where required.

Tax Evidence

If tax issues apply, prepare relevant tax transcripts, payment agreements and proof of compliance.

Criminal and Court Records

For arrests, citations, charges, convictions or alternative dispositions, provide the certified records required by USCIS.

Child Support or Alimony Records

If applicable, prepare evidence showing compliance with child-support or alimony obligations.

Selective Service Evidence

Where applicable, prepare registration information, status records or the explanation and evidence required if you did not register.

Military Service Records

For military-based cases or applicants with military history, prepare discharge, service, deployment and other required military records.

Reduced-Fee Evidence

IF REQUESTING THE REDUCED FEE

Prepare the household-income documentation required by the current USCIS reduced-fee instructions.

Form N-648

IF REQUESTING A MEDICAL DISABILITY EXCEPTION

Submit the properly completed medical certification where the applicable disability exception is requested.

Foreign-Language Documents

Foreign-language documents submitted to USCIS must include a complete English translation with the required translator certification.

Final Review Before Filing

Check at minimum:
Correct naturalization eligibility basis
Current legal name
All other names used
Green Card name
Date of birth
Date permanent residence began
Country of birth
Citizenship or nationality
A-Number
USCIS Online Account Number
Testing exception information if applicable
Biographic information
Complete residence history
Current marital status
All required marriage information
Current spouse information
Prior marriage terminations
All required children under 18
Child residence and support information
Complete work and school history
Complete required travel history
Trips over six months reviewed
Citizenship-claim question
Voting question
Taxes
Nonresident tax filings
Communist or totalitarian associations
Security and organization questions
Persecution questions
Military and armed-group history
Weapons questions
Every arrest, citation, detention and conviction
Sealed or expunged records disclosed where required
Prostitution question
Controlled-substance question
Multiple-marriage question
Marriage-fraud question
Alien-smuggling question
Illegal gambling question
Child-support and alimony question
Public-benefit misrepresentation question
Government misrepresentation questions
Removal or deportation history
Selective Service
Draft avoidance or military exemption
U.S. military history
Court-martial or discharge issues
Hereditary title
Constitution and Oath questions
Reduced-fee section if applicable
Applicant contact information
Applicant signature and date
Interpreter section if applicable
Preparer section if applicable
Part 14 explanations
Part 15 left blank before interview
Part 16 left blank until instructed
Supporting evidence
Certified translations
Final Rule: Never copy the sample answers.

Form N-400 must reflect your actual immigration history, residence, travel, family relationships, tax history, criminal history, military history and naturalization eligibility.

No matching Form N-400 topic was found.
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